Climate – COP30 summary (November 25, 2025)

The COP30 climate summit ended on November 22 in Belém, Brazil. Despite the Brazilian presidency’s tireless efforts and leadership, it concluded with the adoption of a watered down agreement.

France regrets the final text’s lack of ambition toward the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Nearly 80 countries have not yet submitted their climate action plans in accordance with the Paris Agreement. The combined plans presented in Belém fail to put us on a trajectory that would limit climate warming to 1.5°C.

Despite continuous efforts by France and the EU, the final agreement will not contain a roadmap enabling us to progressively transition away from fossil fuels and end deforestation.

The current geopolitical situation is making any progress on climate and the environment especially difficult.

France and the EU did manage to ensure that a decade after its historic adoption, the crux of the Paris Agreement would be retained: a reaffirmation of support for climate multilateralism, an acknowledgement of the role that science has to play in guiding our actions, and a call to continue efforts by all nations to implement their climate plans.

The decisions that were adopted following formal negotiations also reflect progress with regard to support for the most vulnerable countries, such as Small Island Developing States and Less Developed Countries, setting a goal of increasing adaptation finance. France and the EU – by far the largest contributors to climate finance – will continue to stand with those countries, but want all the major greenhouse gas emitters to contribute to this effort as well.

Outside of the negotiation rooms, COP30 also reaffirmed the commitment of civil society, businesses, local elected officials and investors to accelerate the fight against climate change, develop large-scale solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and confront the impacts of a warming planet.

France played an active role in promoting this action agenda. We belong to several international coalitions that are working to tackle key issues: the fight against climate disinformation, making sure the oceans are included in national climate plans, and considering the impacts of climate change on health. We also strongly supported the establishment of strict carbon markets, the development of nature-based solutions, and stepped-up efforts to reduce methane emissions.
The results of this action agenda confirm that the low-carbon transition is definitely under way, that it is irreversible and that it provides economic and social opportunities.

As France approaches its G7 presidency in the coming weeks, it will continue to take an ambitious approach to the climate. In particular, it will support the idea of a roadmap such as the one presented by the Brazilian presidency to transition away from fossil fuels and involving all actors (state, civil society, private sector, etc.), in order to accelerate the implementation of decisions taken at COP28 in 2023. And lastly, it will continue to lend its utmost support to the protection of our ecosystems, in keeping with the results achieved in Nice at the Third UN Ocean Conference (UNOC3) in June 2025.